胶类药材真伪鉴别与质量评价技术研究进展Research progress on identification and quality evaluation of glues medicines
李辉虎;任刚;陈利民;钟国跃;
LI Hui-hu;REN Gang;CHEN Li-min;ZHONG Guo-yue;Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine and Ethnic Medicine,Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Nanchang University;
摘要(Abstract):
胶类药材是中国传统医药中特有的一类药材。由于市场需求量大、原材料紧缺及缺少完善的质量评价技术,导致市场上产品的质量参差不齐,其真伪优劣的鉴别与评价也一直是未能很好解决的问题。该文综述了目前胶类药材在药材真伪鉴别、质量优劣评价的方法和技术的研究进展。关于胶类药材的真伪鉴别与质量评价的研究,目前主要集中在基于胶类药材的理化性质、微量元素、有机化学成分和生物遗传等4个方面的方法和技术研究。基于理化性质的方法有:热分析法、凝胶电泳法、等电聚焦电泳、红外光谱法、凝胶排阻色谱法、圆二色谱法等;基于胶类药材微量元素的方法有:原子吸收光谱法、X射线荧光光谱法、等离子体发射光谱法、可见分光光度法;基于有机化学成分的方法有:氨基酸的组成、含量的检测,气味、脂溶性成分、有机酸检测等;基于生物遗传学特点的方法有:DNA、多肽、氨基酸序列差异性分析等。总体上,由于胶类药材的成分组成(氨基酸、蛋白质、肽等)相对相似,其真伪和质量优劣评价的指标难以客观选择,各种鉴别评价的方法各有特点,但也有其局限性,提示应结合胶类药材的原料药材、生产工艺的特点,从鉴别评价指标及多种技术集成应用方面加强研究。
Glues medicines is a special kind of traditional Chinese medicine.As the market demand is large,the raw materials are in short supply and lacks proper quality evaluation technology,which causes inconsistent quality of products on the market.Its authentic identification and evaluation stay a problem to be solved.In this paper,the research progress of the methods and techniques of the evaluation of the identification and quality of glues medicines were reviewed.The researches of medicinal glue type identification and quality evaluation mainly concentrated in four aspects of medicinal materials of physical and chemical properties,trace elements,organic chemicals and biological genetic methods and techniques.The methods of physicochemical properties include thermal analysis,gel electrophoresis,isoelectric focusing electrophoresis,infrared spectroscopy,gel exclusion chromatography,and circular dichroism.The methods including atomic absorption spectrometry,X-ray fluorescence spectrometry,plasma emission spectrometry and visible spectrophotometry were used for the study of the trace elements of glues medicines.The organic chemical composition was studied by methods of composition of amino acids,content detection,odor detection,lipid soluble component,organic acid detection.Methods based on the characteristics of biogenetics include DNA,polypeptide and amino acid sequence difference analysis.Overall,because of relative components similarity of the glues medicines(such as amino acids,proteins and peptides),its authenticity and quality evaluation index is difficult to judge objectively,all sorts of identification evaluation methods have different characteristics,but also their limitations.It indicates that further study should focus on identification of evaluation index and various technology integrated application combining with the characteristics of the production process.
关键词(KeyWords):
胶类药材;阿胶;质量评价;质量标准
glues medicines;Ejiao;quality evaluation;quality standard
基金项目(Foundation):
作者(Authors):
李辉虎;任刚;陈利民;钟国跃;
LI Hui-hu;REN Gang;CHEN Li-min;ZHONG Guo-yue;Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine and Ethnic Medicine,Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Nanchang University;
DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.2018.0002
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- 李辉虎
- 任刚
- 陈利民
- 钟国跃
LI Hui-hu- REN Gang
- CHEN Li-min
- ZHONG Guo-yue
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine and Ethnic Medicine
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Nanchang University
- 李辉虎
- 任刚
- 陈利民
- 钟国跃
LI Hui-hu- REN Gang
- CHEN Li-min
- ZHONG Guo-yue
- Research Center of Chinese Herbal Medicine and Ethnic Medicine
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Nanchang University